The sunny side of Joyce Carol Oates Essay Example For Students

The bright side of Joyce Carol Oates Essay Joyce Carol Oates has consistently been attracted to the underside of the American creative mind. Sequential executioners, attackers and youth posses tail the pages of her books, and scenes of abusive behavior at home, monetary hardship, depression and wrath are ordinary. The enthusiastic atmosphere is serious; the language regularly unfazed; the vision destructive, even whole-world destroying. Presently the essayist once called the Dark Lady of American Letters has ventured into daylight. The Perfectionist, which debuted at the McCarter Theater in Princeton, N.J. last October, was Joyce Carol Oatess first lighthearted comedy, and it came total with a cast of good-hearted characters, a sprightly rural setting and all the cheerful inventions that go with the class. The entire venture was somewhat far-fetched and unsettling, as though Jane Austen or Madame de Stael had abruptly transformed herself into Jean Kerrand no less amazing is the manner by which Oates aced the fundamentals of Broadway light parody while never having seen one. There are, no doubt, a couple of conflicting thunderings en route just as a portion of the problematic driving forces that underline the remainder of the authors workintimations of disease, passing and medication reliance, an allegation of assault and at one point the danger of castrationbut the agreeable comic soul she has called into soul figur es out how to hold the foreboding shadows under control. We will compose a custom paper on The bright side of Joyce Carol Oates explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now So exactly what were the conditions that brought this most strange worka sort of screwball parody for the intellectual elite, the rural and tenuredinto being? Oates gives a multi-layered clarification, starting with vicinity to the McCarter (she is right now the Roger S. Berlind Distinguished Professor in the Humanities at Princeton University) and her dear kinship with Emily Mann, the performance centers aesthetic chief. It was constantly comprehended that I would attempt to compose something that may be reasonable for the McCarter. Emily has consistently been exceptionally open to my work and I think in light of the fact that about her quality here I was urged to compose a sort of play I would not have in any case endeavored. I likewise love to learn new things, and for me The Perfectionist is an investigation in class. At last, Oates offers what might be the best explanation of for such a play: Life isnt all disagreement and anguish. There truly are sentiments on the planet, she adventures. Individuals begin to look all starry eyed at. Consistently. While her abstract notoriety lays safely on her exposition fiction, Oates is turning into an obvious nearness in American theater. She is especially dynamic during the ebb and flow seasonwhich additionally discovers her on landscape more natural than the radiant domain of The Perfectionist. Dark, a burning dramatization of racial encounter, will open March 7 in New York at Womens Project and Productions. Oatess 1972 play Ontological Proof of My Existence, about a ruffian who battles to have a little youngster while offering her available to be purchased to the most noteworthy bidder, was resuscitated by Chicagos Thunder Road Ensemble in November. I Stand Before You Naked, a composition play previously introduced at New Yorks American Place Theater in 1990, is entering its second year at the Theater Marie Stuart in Paris. Oates likewise as of late finished a lyrics for a drama dependent on her 1991 novella Black Water, an invented retelling of the Chappaquiddick episode, which is to get its reality debut in 1995 at the American Music Theater Festival of Philadelphia, just as a screenplay for Martin Scorsese. She is presently grinding away on another full-length show named Bad Girls. The current season guarantees various exhibitions of her one-demonstration plays (I love short plays since they get promptly to the show, she comments), which have demonstrated amazingly famous with school and little performance center gatherings in view of their little throws and negligible creation necessities. In any case, unexpectedly, of all her ongoing tasks, it is the one set nearest to home that appears to have evoked the best imaginative stretch. Oates concedes she would have truly wanted to form. The Perfectionist as to a greater degree a weak Restoration-type parody. Increasingly nostalgic and lighthearted comedy isn't my own taste. I graduated examinations in English, so I read Restoration show, and I appreciate Congreve and Wycherly monstrously. Be that as it may, those comedies are so difficult. The Perfectionist is set in a spot like Princeton, it has individuals in it who I know, and I didnt have the remorselessness to do that. .u8d040388acd5a5bbe7d62e28edddf0b0 , .u8d040388acd5a5bbe7d62e28edddf0b0 .postImageUrl , .u8d040388acd5a5bbe7d62e28edddf0b0 .focused content region { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u8d040388acd5a5bbe7d62e28edddf0b0 , .u8d040388acd5a5bbe7d62e28edddf0b0:hover , .u8d040388acd5a5bbe7d62e28edddf0b0:visited , .u8d040388acd5a5bbe7d62e28edddf0b0:active { border:0!important; } .u8d040388acd5a5bbe7d62e28edddf0b0 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u8d040388acd5a5bbe7d62e28edddf0b0 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-progress: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u8d040388acd5a5bbe7d62e28edddf0b0:active , .u8d040388acd5a5bbe7d62e28edddf0b0:hover { mistiness: 1; change: obscurity 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u8d040388acd5a5bbe7d62e28edddf0b0 .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: relat ive; } .u8d040388acd5a5bbe7d62e28edddf0b0 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-improvement: underline; } .u8d040388acd5a5bbe7d62e28edddf0b0 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u8d040388acd5a5bbe7d62e28edddf0b0 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt range: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-embellishment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8d040388acd5a5bbe7d62e28edddf0b0:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u8d040388a cd5a5bbe7d62e28edddf0b0 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u8d040388acd5a5bbe7d62e28edddf0b0-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u8d040388acd5a5bbe7d62e28edddf0b0:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Evaluation of Live Theater: Nation EssayPart of the plays enchant is that those on either side of the window ornament are a piece of a similar network, and the knowing giggling of Princeton crowds, who rushed to distinguish the comedys natural sorts and catch its not so subtle references, genuinely set the auditorium turning. It isn't a lot of an embellishment to state that one left the McCarter, which sits on the edge of the universitys conveniently cut greensward, into the exceptionally world one had abandoned. Oates says she has been keen on show for as far back as she can recall, however the conditions of her early stages permitted her no immediate contact with the stage. I experienced childhood in a provincial network in upstate. New York and we were so distant from any sort of theater. Show wasnt educated yet I read Eugene ONeil and Tennessee Williams when I was in secondary school. I started heading off to the theater when I set off for college in the late 1950s. I saw brilliant plays on BroadwayRashomon and Tea and Sympathy and Archibald MacLeishs J.B., which was a significant encounter since it was a stanza show and a disaster. Oatess commencement into the venue came in 1965 (It all started for such a long time agoits practically like another lifetime) when the executive Frank Corsaro, detecting something emotional in her distributed short stories, dispatched her first play, The Sweet Enemy, for the Actors Studio Workshop. Other auditorium pieces followed every once in a while during the following two decades, the greater part of them delivered Off Broadway. In 1990 she got a commission from Jon Jory and Actors Theater of Louisville, and just because turned into a functioning member in the showy procedure. I never had a lot of experience being in the theater and working at practices. Louisville kicked me off at that. From that point forward Ive been composing plays for all intents and purposes constantly. During the previous three years her work has been seen at New Yorks American Place Theater, Ensemble Studio Theater and the Contemporary American Play Festival, Massachusetts Williamstown Theater Festival, and Connecticuts Long Wharf Theater. Oates talks about composing plays and composing books as two totally separate controls. Its the contrast among swimming and running. Both are practices and can be fulfilling, however they utilize totally various muscles. The test of the venue is to make the characters sufficiently clear to be alive in front of an audience and convey the heaviness of the activity. The writing account voice doesnt require this; youre recounting to a story. A play is likewise about forward force, and Oates compares its activities to that of a vehicle. It needs to move. You can have an excellent Rolls Royce however on the off chance that something isn't right with its motor and it just sits in the carport, youd be in an ideal situation with another vehicle that moves. Obviously, content issues as well, however Ive discovered that in the venue pacing and speed are significant. On the off chance that individuals are nodding off, you fizzle. She normally starts a play by envisioning an unfilled stage or room wherein something will occur. It takes a drawn-out period of time. I sit and fantasize. The characters are kind of there and they begin moving around and talking. Dislike exposition narr

Prepare journal entries to record transactions Essay

Plan diary sections to record exchanges - Essay Example For the purchaser, the money equalization will diminish or decrease by the sum he used to buy that thing, and on the other giving he will have obtained a portion of bread. On the dealer, his measure of money will increment by the cost of the portion of bread and keeping in mind that his load of bread will decrease thus (Price, Haddock, and Farina, 2012). Bookkeeping attempts to record both two occasions of the exchange, on the fiscal summary of the business. Without the idea of twofold section and upkeep of these bookkeeping records, the records of the business or the organization, will simply show a fractional report on the business or the organization situation (Stickney, 2010). By and large, the subsequent impact of two passages is known as charge and credits. Bookkeeping significant standard is that for each charge section, it must be trailed by the ensuing credit passage. The charge sections are the ones that outcome from the expansion in resources, and costs and those which lead to the diminishing in liabilities, values and salaries. Then again, credit sections are the ones that lead to the diminishing in costs and resources, and those that prompts the expansion in value liabilities and salary. A progression of these sections must prompt the adjusting of separate records. These records might be presented on one general record that has segments of portrayal, folio, charge side and credit side. After the section of every exchange, a short clarification is made. This depiction should precisely clarify the footing which occurred so any individual who sees it just because will have the option to comprehend what occurs on the separate sections. Every single diary entered can likewise be coordinated with the steady record, which is pertinent to the passage made. These strong records could be a receipt or check stub by the utilization of folio or code number. These folio number or code, cross reference between various archives. Enormous business

New kid on the block

New kid on the block Ents, bop, punting, pidge, Natsci, boatie, blues. Umh, say what? You might wonder whether these words are even English. Well, they are (I learnt them in England, from British people.) These words are among the many additions I have made to my vocabulary since I commenced my study at “the other Cambridge” *mysterious music ensues* Yes, Cambridge in Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom, is also known as “that other place across the pond”, “Harry-Potter-style city”, a world-famous university with 61 Nobel Laureates (only 15 fewer than MIT, no biggie- notice the new sense of humor I picked up in England) and last but not least, the place where the structure of DNA was discovered (I am a biology major, I have to throw that in). Now you wonder what in the world I am doing here, on MIT Admissions blog. Well, I am also an MIT student! (Trust me, I have beaver fever.) Hi! I am Linh, a junior majoring in Biology (Course 7) and I am currently participating in the Cambridge-MIT Exchange Program. For those who are not aware, MIT has organized an exchange program with Cambridge University for the past 10 years (CME) and I am proud to be one of the students on the exchange program this year. Even though I am pretty much madly in love with MIT, I know that MIT creates all these study-abroad and exchange programs for a reason: to broaden the students’ horizon, develop our life skills and enrich our knowledge. Therefore I took that chance and I am glad I did. So, one day, when I was reading MIT admission blogs, which I have frequented since I had the intention of applying to MIT, I suddenly thought: “Why not blog about my life here in Cambridge, from my classes or extracurricular activities, to trips that I made around the UK?” In this way, potential applicants as well as MIT students will know more about all the exciting study-abroad/ international opportunities that MIT has to offer. I asked the admission office and here I am! I hope everyone will enjoy reading about my college journey, at MIT and abroad. Hopefully I will be able to let all the readers know more about MIT and its awesomeness :) Love Linh

California SAT Scores Admission Comparison

Film Audience Trailers

Sample details Pages: 20 Words: 6004 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? As the main function of a film trailer is to market the film and promote to a range of audiences film trailers are also a form of persuasive art and promotional narrative, they are designed to make you want to go and see the film being shown at the cinema. As film trailers do give you the free sample of the film being advertised they also function as a tool to allow us to be aware of what films have been released on cinema and as Lisa Kernan states, Trailers are a cinema of (coming) attractions. And this essentially means film trailers are individual events allowing us to also see upcoming events in the future. Film trailers permit the viewers to generate opinions of their own so they can decide which films to go and watch. Trailers are my chosen topic for this dissertation, it will focus on the principle features of the film trailers, where I will analyse case studies to highlight the use of classic American film techniques and in return the analysis will answer the questions, what is a film trailer? How does a film trailer create meaning? Film trailers brought to my attention the ability they have to reconfigure a feature length film narrative into a short cinematic film. It is this factor which brings me to analyse film trailers closely. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Film Audience Trailers | Film Studies Dissertations" essay for you Create order I will be closely paying attention to a chosen element of the extensive range the marketing campaign. In particular I have chosen to look into film trailers. From Marketing I will move on to film trailers, where I am going to call attention to the design of film trailer, which will consist of analysing and identifying the principle features. These are its bare essentials, the Narrative, the Genre, the Sound; they are combined to create a film trailer. Each of these elements will be analysed along with several case studies to provide examples for the use of these elements. I will be looking for the use of editing techniques to determine how they create meaning and desired effects, such techniques include transitions, types of shot and bridging devices along with the use of captions. Other such techniques that will be brought up are the emphasis on the unique selling point of a film and using the star system to sell the film. These techniques in return will show how the narrative, the genre are some of the principle features constituting to the overall design of a film trailer. Further more into the analysis I will look at sound techniques such as voice over narration, the sound track and sound effects created for the film trailers. These techniques will determine the meaning Sound brings to the film trailer. Overall by looking at these techniques in different film trailers I will show how these principle features create effects and show how they function and what meanings they generate. Once I have established the meanings of the design of a film I will look at the functions of a trailer in its intended market. I will talk about the functions of the marketing campaign as a total strategy. I will broadly look into the marketing campaign to explain its importance in the film industry. Within in marketing I will be looking at the functions and effects of Distribution, promotion and advertising as the broader context in which film trailers fit into. I will consider factors such as market research into social cultures and why it is necessary, in addition with internet advertising and distribution as a tool for the mass audience. Moving on from the marketing of film trailers to the actual creation and techniques used in trailers known as the design. First I am going to look at the film trailer in general and state briefly what elements are used to construct the film trailer this will give us the groundworks and background information for film trailers so I can start to distinguish the finer elements in detail. In general film trailers tend to show us the most interesting images from a film; the scenes that will appeal to the viewers or make them laugh or create a sense of fear, any thing to excite the audience. To define a trailer to its bare essentials, I ask the question what makes a film trailer distinct and special. I believe that when certain key features are put together they create a powerful persuasive form of mini film. It is the use of techniques in which the trailers are created in there style that makes them distinct, as later I will prove in my analysis that each trailers approaches the design and style in showing the film in a unique and individual way while still employing classic Hollywood film techniques. The use of different shots and combining these shots to emphasize the films best features as well as the use of transitions and graphics are some classic Hollywood techniques used in promoting a film trailer. My research in film trailers has lead me to believe that the use of montage sequences and shot selection are the elements that bring together the narrative, genre and sound to create the film trailers. It is the capacity of film trailers to convey information non-verbally through mise-en-scene, editing, camera movements and facial expressions that provides the power to promote in such a big way Narrative The first principle feature of film trailers is the narrative. The film trailer creates a separate narrative to present the narrative of the feature length film. Narration is the telling of a story, and the plot of a film trailer implies story information. It is the narrational component of trailers which is significant to their production of meaning. Some trailers focus more on this feature as the film most likely covers important issues or contain a meaning of some importance these types of narratives are known as non-fictional. Fictional films tend to focus on explaining the background information to establish the story, I am going to look at a specific genre of film trailers, I have chosen action films spanning over the 1970s 80s and 90s. The Terminator film is a perfect example of a trailer that employs a specific technique of plot development. The narrative function is to introduce the character, in this case study it is The Terminator where the story implies a search and destroy plot. The voice over states what the plot is going to be about by saying a few facts, the last few words that are said explain the type of plot development you can expect in the film, It will have only one purpose, to return to the present and prevent the future. This weapon will be called The Terminator. With out this information the audience would be confused and the trailer would become arbitrary; it is the narrative that gives the film context first along with the images which reveal more of the plot. The use of narrative to explain the films meaning and purpose is essential, the function of narrative in this trailer shows the technique of a goal orientated plot. there are goal orientated plots, in which a character takes steps to achieve a desired object or state of affairs Plot development is a technique employed in many other action film trailers as I have noticed. The Die Hard film trailer reveals a plot where the central character John McLain is trying to save his wife who has been taken hostage among many others in a building. This plot reveals patterns of repeated action. Trailers use plot patterns to allow the audience to expect a certain type of plot, the audience create their own more specific intentions, as the trailer goes on revealing the audiences expectations become more precise. Aliens is a perfect example of a search and destroy plot pattern that is identified in the first scene of the movie where the female heroine known as Sigourney weaver asks a question and gets a simple reply. This small amount of dialogue explains the development of plot you can expect to see in the film itself. Just tell me one thing Berk, were going out to destroy themrite, not to study, not to bring back, but to wipe them out? Thats the plan! Although this dialogue alone is unjustified until you see the action that follows it. This statement implies that there is something out there and not of a friendly nature, Sigourneys intentions are to go out there and destroy something. It is clear that narrative in trailers plays an integral role in the creation of meaning in delivering the narrative plot of the feature length film correctly, without revealing too much but making it interesting enough. The two trailers mentioned above use voice over to narrate the story information where as my next example employs the use of inter titles. The inter titles are words on a blank screen or superimposed over images, which contribute to the meaning of the plot or story information. In addition they are used as a transition between time and space, the connotative meanings of the words are interpreted by social cultures who relate the words to the nature of the society in which they live in. The trailer lets the images reveal more about the style and dialogue of the film, while the inter titles connote different meanings and informs the audiences of what to expect in the film. This is a different technique to inform the audience of the type of plot development they can expect. In addition to the narrative development of plots, the middle portion of the trailer displays the events that define action and adventure are the causes of the delays of expected outcomes. These events may cause suspense, fear, excitement and surprise. For example in the Die hard film trailer the number of obstacles John McLain has to fight through to save his wife are just the delayed expectations, creating suspense and progressing through to the final climaxes of the film. Although this true film trailers differ slightly in the fact that scenes are shown leading up to the climax but you have to remember it is only a trailer and its purpose is to interest you, so the climax is never shown. This brings me to talk about the narrative in its effect of making audiences want to experience the action and fear created buy viewing through the safe environment of the cinema. By only seeing certain key scenes in a film trailers they allow you to create affective expectations and generate your own intentions of what the full feature will contain. These expectations from the audiences are what Wolfgang Iser calls Textual Gaps. The film industry assume the audience will generate there own desired intentions, emotions and expectations after viewing the trailers. For example a trailers principle features or rhetoric might highlight a films quality of music or sound and spectacle or narrative. This is vital in terms of audiences having there own intentions and wanting to go and see a film they desire rather then seeing the real film. The point being, plot developments in trailers only reveal a certain amount and their purpose is to inform but then entice audiences to fill in the remaining information with intentions then effectively the trailer has fulfilled its job in attracting the viewer. Genre The narrative explanation of story plot and information is closely related to the genre in terms of the style in which this narrative is represented and in a form that audiences can recognize. Some trailers focus more specifically on the dialogue, sometimes the trailer will focus more on the spectacles or just show who stars in the film and name the most famous actors. This usually identifies quickly the genre and type of film trailer you are viewing. For instance the Die Hard film sets the narrative and then the remainder of the trailer focuses more on display of the established conventions recognised by the American society such as the use of guns and explosions that are emphasized on. Another film that I will analyse approaches the genre in a similar manor. Alien V Predator Requiem starts of by presenting a very calm environment then suddenly turns to show action and gun fire. To show the audience the genre of the film both these trailers employ similar techniques. Both these trailers point to the use of Tzvetan Todorovs narrative theory, in which the narrative situations take transformational steps in the process of cause an effect principle. This is evident in Alien Vs Predator Requiem trailer where equilibrium is stated with an establishing scene of the town location, a disruption is outlined in the trailer by the entrance of an unknown object through the sky and the following scenes displays the killing of a father hunting in the forest with his child. As a search party make there way through the forest to find a body, becomes the recognition of the disruption. The footage that follows, display the attempt to repair the disruption caused in the earlier stages of transformation of the narrative. Anomaly with film trailers is that the last stage on transformation known as the reinstatement of the initial equilibrium is not shown as this lures the audiences into going to see the full story. Although I have analysed a film trailer with the use of a narrative theory while talking about genre, it is relevant for the following reason. The nature in which the story follows the stages of transformation also shows that action has to be taken against the disruption of the equilibrium. This allows the images to focus on the action and genre of this film trailer. It is the formation of selected shots which appear to present itself in the form of this causal transformation All film trailers will have establishing scenes with a message clearly showing the films genre, either by showing particular scenes or putting emphasis on the story and actors. I will be closely analysing the Die Hard trailer as a case study to distinguish the meaning of genre and how it is created in trailers. An important technique to describe here is the unique selling point of film trailers in which the films most attractive features are shown and emphasized on. I believe this technique is directly linked in identifying the genre of action films. This is evident in the Die Hard trailer as the big spectacles are emphasized on to present the action in a loud and interesting manner, therefore the unique selling point of the trailer being the action. This leads to the use of conventional genre ideas that are recognised by many audiences in the broader perspective. These conventional genre ideas being such features as guns, big car chases as well as car crashes and explosions of some nature. These events inform the audience of particular attributes that allow viewers to distinguish action films from horror films. These traits are quickly recognisable features within a cultural society of film viewers. Further more one technique of defining a film trailer through genre is the selection of shot types used in creating the trailer. The editing technique is very important in the creation of the trailer, because the selection of shot determines the effect achieved on screen and also the use of shot can explain clearly what the scene is showing. As the die hard trailer starts, Christmas music is playing, the setting and environment looks natural as the equilibrium has been set, until the trailer changes its mood. A close up shot of the villain shows him shooting a number of bullets into the air. This scene of a gun being fired defines the trailer as an action film, as the scenes to follow show more action. The audience only know this through past cinematic experience which implies action films have a number of set agreed cinematic conventions to which the audience identify film trailers through. Another action genre film trailer also employs the same techniques of unique selling points and the use of shot selection to present the action such as Alien Vs Predator Requiem. The trailer begins with a slow tempo and an establishing shot to show the peaceful environment, at this point the genre is fairly unclear. Around the middle of the trailer the mood changes and a medium shot shows a ball of fire entering the scene, this implies an object has shot past from outer space. This is the definitive scene in the trailer because it shows a change in the narrative. The following scene show more action and the trailer then goes on to show the films unique selling point, the Alien. In addition actors are also used to sell films because of their star status. This is evident in my next case study Pulp Fiction. The scenes in this trailer are used to show the large cast starring in the film, while still showing the film in a clever design. The unique selling point of this film trailer is the use of the actors star status as well as the action in the film. While this film lacks big spectacles it is still an action movie but focuses more on the dialogue and narrative. The trailer introduces the idea of different stories taking place while putting the emphasis on the cast. The trailer uses intertitles to bridge the first story from the second, in between these scenes the trailer uses inter titles to display the words loyalty, betrayal and crime to separate the stories, at the same time very little is revealed. By introducing the cast through each of the stories, the use of the inter titles using words associated with the stories the film trailer sets the genre as well as the unique selling point of the film. Because the focus is directed more on the cast and the narrative the action comes across as equal as the other features. The trailer ends with a voice over reading out the names of the actors that star in the film, the scenes also follow each other rapidly and are timed with the names being read out. This type of sequence is known as the montage sequience. A montage sequence is where a series of shots are arranged in a particular order for a particular purpose. The sequence is more about presenting the footage in a different way rather that providing the illusion of natural continuity. In the Pulp Fiction trailer this sequence was used to show the actors when their names where being read out. At the same time this sequence was used to show more scenes from the film. Overall the trailer doesnt reveal much about the story but highlights the Genre and actors very well. I think the trailer is cleverly created in the sense that very little is revealed yet enough is seen along with the three descriptive words giving a definition of the story for the audience to associate what is seen with the tittles describing what will occur in the film. These words leave the narrative open for the audiences imaginations to build up a film they would like to see. In effect the use editing techniques such as montage sequences and selection of specific shots and transitions trailers form ways of presenting the narrative of a film with aesthetic. Sound As genre and narrative work hand in hand to show the plot and genre another principle feature of a film trailer is the use of Sound. Sound in film trailers is very important, it forces the viewers to use more then just the visual sense, and instead the sound engages the aural senses of the viewers. As sound is as important as the visual footage it can achieve very strong effects and yet remain unnoticed, it is very unlikely a spectator comes out the cinema and acknowledges the film for its aural efforts. As Sergei Eisenstien called synchronization of senses known as combining the image and the sound to create a single rhythm or expressive quality. I have picked a trailer for my case study where I think the synchronization of sound with image is important in the creation of meaning and overall mood of the film. The sound used in films is known as the film sound track for example the Rocky film trailer. This trailer uses music to create emotion and mood in away that emphasizes the emotion created in the scenes, this emotion is used to reach out to the audience for them to engage with the characters feelings. The Rocky trailer uses a specific sound track to create emotion around the story for example the tempo and rhythm changes according to the images. The music changes dramatically in the scene with rocky and the women kissing, this scene implies romance but the music sets a specific mood that an audience can relate to, it creates an atmosphere to go with the scene. The next scene shows a man having a talk with Rocky, the music changes instantly to imply chance, possibility and the intention of something happening (Cause and Effect) the music here changes from the piano to a kind of tower clock bell ringing. This trailer uses music to create emotion but it is in excess of change, the mood in the trailer changes to often and switches from romance to opportunity then back to sad music then to energetic music, the positive side to this music is it displays an emotional plot and the Rockys struggle to make something of his life. This kind of sound is known as nondiegetic sound. Nondiegetic sound is represented by sources existing outside the story world. As I carrying out analysis on action film trailers nondiegetic sound is important as music is the most commonly used type of sound in action films to create effective emphasis on the action: Viewers understand that the movie music is a convention and does not issue from the world of the story A trailer is defined as a brief film text that uses images from a specific feature film while asserting its excellence, its purpose being to project in theatres to promote a films theatrical release. A film trailer is an essential marketing tool and the nuclei of the promotional effort being an advert for a film the trailers design features are as important as its other functions. The most important principle of a film trailer is what it functions as best, its distribution, promotion and marketing of an upcoming film. This process occurs before the product reaches the viewers. There are many forms through which we can communicate. I consider this statement as a starting point linked to film trailers because trailers are presented in many mediums to a wide range of audiences to different cultures. This is also where the idea of promoting trailers and marketing them begins correctly. There are many different processes to consider in knowing the target audience and what type of category the film fits into. As I am going to be looking at the action genre in film trailers, the target audience will be a core audience who is attracted by the varying story lines but the essential action is what appeals to them. Films are put into certain categories known as genres, these films having different attributes which in turn address different audiences. Attracting a huge audience starts with knowing the genre and type of film, this leads to the right distributor who is required to get the film to the exhibitors. The marketing campaign also lets the audience know the film is in the process of being produced and when the release date has been set for. The idea of releasing the trailer early is to create a fan base or create enough interest for a potential audience and to generate enough hype up until the film is finished and ready to premiere. The importance of marketing a film can affect the overall outcome of the film in theatres. The marketing of a film includes the total strategy required to sell a film. This strategy includes the different types of advertising, promotion and distribution of a feature length film. Marketing is the strategy employed to find the most effective way to get to your audience or buyer Once a film is complete, marketing supplements the various forms of conventional advertising (Trailers, Television, Radio, Press, Poster Campaigns and the Internet). The idea of marketing lies around creating a positive image around the film which has been produced. As quoted above the conventional advertising practices, one has not been mentioned, name tie-ins. Tie-ins are contracts between companies selling consumer products with distribution companies. The consumer products can be of everyday use such as food labels carrying images and titles of the films, toys and cloths, all of which promote the film. Although advertising is a specific strategy to expose a feature length film, the marketing is more about the total exposure to the general public on the whole. An important part of the marketing process is known as Market research. This element is vital to the success of a blockbuster movie of contemporary cinema. Its function is to monitor the response of the publics reception towards an advertised film and to change the marketing strategy accordingly. The three most significant events in selling a film are the pitching of a film idea, finding the distributor and finding an exhibitor. First the distributors or financiers have to finance a movie where a script has been written by someone who wants it to be made into a film. The financiers or the distributors are known as the first buyers. From this the distributor must market the film further and pitch the finished film to an exhibitor. Just as the distributor brought the script and idea of the film so does the exhibitor wish to view the completed film before deciding to show the film in all of its chain of theaters. The Exhibitors are known as the Second Buyers. Finally the advertising and promoting a film to an audience is known as the third buyers.The promotion and the advertising is the job of the distributor and the publicist. All these processes fit together as the marketing (selling) of the film to a potential audience. Trailers are basically another form of advertising a product, where the film is the product and the trailer being the advert. Attempts were made to advertise films with trailers as early as 1912. Promotion is a form of advertising; the devices involved in promoting havent changed drastically since the exhibitors first started promoting in the film industry. I believe that the function of promotion is to inform society and different cultures that a product is out and available. It was the arrival of Nickelodeon around 1905, which fundamentally changed the advertisement strategies. Promotion of feature length films began when the amount of exhibitors grew and the competition for the amount of films released also grew. The exhibitors felt the need to advertise their films so as to attract the public to their theatres. The exhibitors put up posters, made flyers and distributed them to the homes of the general public as well as even hiring barkers to shout out information about their films. From 1908 onwards promoting products seemed the only way to reach out to the public to seek there attention and compete against other exhibitors. At this point only the exhibitors were concerned about promoting there products and fighting of other competition the studios and producers of the films were more concerned about the machines that made films. As promotion became increasingly important so did there efforts in seeking the publics attention. Weekly or monthly bulletins were produced listing up coming features; they focused on the plots, sets and stories of the films. Exhibitors set the trend with promotion of films, studios quickly caught on and opened up advertising departments in their companies. These departments controlled the production of posters and other advertising tactics; they supplied these in the form of press books to theatres during the silent and classical eras. These advertising departments established there promotional practices which also continued on into the classical era. Companies such as MGM also began using promotional campaigns; it became the standard procedure to promote films. Trailer on the other hand started appearing around 1912 but didnt become coherent until a few years later. It is clear that within a decade of Hollywood cinema the promotional campaign was the most important element in the film industry. Moving towards the classical era, trailers are the one practice where they have changed according to the lengths and qualities of the feature length films. As in the silent era films were not long enough to have trailers but in the classical era trailers generally consisted of voice over narrating on top of film footage, including text over the image using hard-sell tag-lines to sell the picture. I came across an example of a classic film containing these hard-sell tag-lines. The King Kong (1933) trailer is a perfect example of these inter titles emphasizing the film as a must see feature, one of the inter titles reads: Stillthe most amazing show on any screen! Although this function was more important in the silent area the voice over was more relied on in the classical era. The basic premise, of reminding viewers that trailers are only a quick guide to the full length feature, are still proving that these inter titles are promotional messages. I believe this promotional practice is the most effective out of the whole marketing campaign. Most of the promotional tactics that exist today-trailers, print advertisements, press books, posters, promotional tie-ins, and star premieres- were in place by 1915, although their forms have changed since then. Before internet advertising, the conventional Hollywood marketing campaign consisted of successfully advertising through well known mediums such as the Posters, the Radio, through newspapers and the T.V. These practices had remained consistent and familiar with the American cultures until 1995 media and advertising took a major leap and began a new type of advertising tactic. This tactic was known as internet promotion. In the summer 1995, media and advertising executives announced that the internet had become the new frontier in film productions. The internet plays an important role in the marketing of films, it is such a big platform for a film to be advertised. As genre is concerned it would be difficult to direct a film trailer towards a specific audience, the internet is such a level playing field that the trailer would be open at any and everyone. As Vinzenz Hediger notes, in the contemporary market, trailers are very cost effective since they utilize approximately 4.5% of the advertising budget of a given film, while generating at least 20% of the films box office revenue. This is fact adds to the reason why film trailers are my chosen topic of interest, I consider them the most effective feature in a marketing campaign. It is the visual elements and the free sample of the actual event that attracts social cultures. The internet has a big role in this. Although the internet had been around since the 1960s the main use for it was text based. Towards the late 1990s faster connections were produced opening up the opportunities to promotions and advertisement to a mass audience over a new platform. The reason for this being the internet allowed for communication through to the social cultures as well as society being able to communicate with each other. Trailers come in many formats over the internet; they can be downloaded, watched online and even downloaded to mobiles. In a professional context companies are competing on the same level, as a website nowadays can be put up fairly quickly, the only implication here is that some websites get more attention and visits then others. Marketing Batman Forever (1995) was the first major Hollywood feature to get advertised using a website as the centre piece for the campaign. As the arrival of the T.V. disrupted the flow of the film industry it seemed like the internet could possibly do the same for advertising on the T.V. This website contained more information about the films sets, plots and textual narrative all on the same website. This type of promotional campaign became more of an interactive activity which encouraged society to engage with the film experience. Through my research I have learnt that the promotional campaign has always had to adapt to the arrival of new mediums, but I have also learnt that society has adapted to. The marketing of promotional tactics is getting more and more sophisticated but also becoming more effective. Although I have covered promotional strategy and its importance in the film industry in improving the cinemas cultural standing I have yet to explain the role of the distributor. In the film industry the distribution company is seen as the agent between production and exhibition. The companies carry out the following tasks such as sales: securing the rental contracts for specific play dates, advertising directed to theatres through trade publications and to film goers through print and electronic media. The function of the distributor is very important in Hollywood film, it is their responsibility that the timing the release of the film to the different markets is crucial. As I have mentioned before trailers are part of a package that is a marketing campaign. Along with posters and adverts and tie-ins trailers have a more significant role. Trailers carry the meaning of the film with visual images; this brings in to the argument the T.V, Cinema and the Internet as media platforms to display these trailers. During the silent era only the cinema existed, therefore cinema dominated. During the classical era as technology became better the arrival of the T.V competed with advertisement on a new level. As more platforms arrived and new strategies to advertise promotional campaigns had to change. Seems that every type of platform available to advertise has been exploited to continue to hold a position in Hollywood cinema with the American Culture. To maintain the power and success of Hoolywood Cinema in the contemporary age amongst the American Culture it seems that the marketing strategy has exploited every type of advertising platform available. By the early 1970s, promotional budgets sometimes exceeded a films production costs. As new technologies change the ways in which films are viewed, from television, to video, to DVDs and digital downloads, the have also changed promotions, many of them using a number of media platforms. The internet as a media platform, for trailers began with the most famous advertising campaign know as the Blair Witch Project (1999). Although becoming the most famous internet campaign the film was seen as less important then the actual advertisement of the film. This did not change the way in which marketing strategies unfolded but did catch the attention of directors and producers, who began to request internet campaigns for the films they were producing. The point here is to stress on the promotional campaign, and not to over see the campaigns effects on attracting huge amounts of success from advertising a feature film on the internet, the novelty and the timing were important factors that helped bring success to the film. The timing is crucial to the success of a film within any medium, in terms that if trailers are released to soon viewers will lose interest but if a campaign is released to late the distribution company will face the responsibility of not exposing the film long enough to the public.

Paper on Hades Free Essays

In Greek mythology, Hades was an Olympian God, regarded as the ‘God of the Dead’ or the ‘Lord of the Underworld’. He was born to Cronus, the leader of the Titans, who ruled during the legendary Golden Age, and his wife Rhea, on the island of Crete. He had two brothers, Zeus and Poseidon, and three sisters Demeter, Hestia and Hera. We will write a custom essay sample on Paper on Hades or any similar topic only for you Order Now In art works, Hades is depicted as a dark man with a huge beard. It is believed that Cronus devoured five of his own children, when Gaia and Ouranos made the prophecy that Cronus would be overcome by one of his sons just like he did to his father. The youngest son Zeus escaped this wrath with his mother’s help, and went on to become a powerful warrior forcing Cronus to disgorge his siblings. Then Zeus teamed up with his brothers, Poseidon and Hades, raged a war against the Titans, and defeated them. The three brothers chose their realms after this win. Zeus got the sky, Poseidon got the sea and Hades got the underworld. He had a chariot which was pulled by four black horses. The Narcissus and the Cypress plants were sacred to him. Hades had a pet called Cerberus, a multi-headed dog who guarded the gates of the underworld. Its task was to make sure that no one escaped the realms of Hades. Persephone, the queen on Hades, was the goddess of fertility. She was carried away by Hades, to his realm. He enticed her into plucking a pomegranate, after tasting which, she was bound to the underworld. But, at the end, it was decided that Persephone would spend a part of the year with Hades in the underworld and the rest in her world, with her mother. Subjects of Hades were forbidden from leaving his realm as it would enrage him to know about his subjects going against his wishes. However, it proved to be an exception when Eurydice, wife of Orpheus, was almost allowed to return back from the underworld. She was killed due to a snake bite. When Orpheus went to the underworld to bring her back, Hades was so touched by his music that he agreed to send Eurydice back, but warned Orpheus to return back to his world without turning back on the way to check whether Eurydice is following him. But Orpheus thought that Hades tricked him and turned back, and he lost his chance to get his wife back. Being the Lord of the underworld, Hades was indeed feared by one and all, but he was worshipped. People believed that they got precious minerals from the underworld which was the realm of Hades. Black animals were sacrificed to Hades, unlike the traditional ritual of white animal sacrifice to gods. He was also termed as ‘the rich one’, as all the riches of Earth were in his possession How to cite Paper on Hades, Essay examples

European Union (883 words) Essay Example For Students

European Union (883 words) Essay European UnionThemanaged exchange rate system deals with trade rate between countries. Managedrates assume that one country sets the monetary policy, takes the exchange ratethat is given, and assumes the other country will go along with that rate. Theother country then tries to reduce inflation by setting their own exchange rate. The managed exchange rate system slows down exchange-rate movement through theforeign trade market intervention. The whole purpose behind the European Unionis to maintain peace between the European counties, and to integrate them. Thefounding gentlemen of the EMS wanted to restore the integration of the EuropeanCommunities. In 1949, the Council of Europe was founder to promote political andsocial unity in Europe. Later in 1952, the European Coal and Steel Community wasstarted to allay fears of a ?military-industrial complex fuellingrenascent German nationalism (Artis Lee 5). Economic integration andunity was brought to a head in March of 1957 when the European EconomicCommunity and the European Atomic Energy Community were formed. These twotreaties were used to help stabilize and form the ECU. All three of theseorganizations/treaties were essential to forming what is today called theEuropean Union. The European Union/European Monetary System failed for threebasic reasons in the earl y 1990s. First of all, it failed because it wasinefficient due to the low-inflation system and the recession in that timeperiod. The recession elaborated on the conflicts between the member countriesof the European Union. Second, it is not sufficiently competitive at the currentrate of exchange. Third, the real interest rate of the world would need todecline drastically in order for the EU to work. Also in the early 1990sthere were smaller expectations of devaluations (DeGrauwe 131). Thecurrent European Union has been a result of recent treaties. The first treatythat was signed in February 1992 helped the unification of Europe be that muchcloser. It set the groundwork for one currency throughout Europe called theeuro. In order to update the current treaties the Amsterdam Treaty was signed asa result of the Intergovernmental Conference. This treaty resulted in a plan tolisten to the citizens, get closer to a more secure Europe, to make Europe morevocal throughout the world, and to ma ke the European Union more efficient. As ofJanuary of 1997 there were 15 countries belonging to the regional and economicEuropean Union. The countries currently involved are Austria, Belgium, Denmark,Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal,Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. In the future the European Union hopes togrow and add more countries to this list. The banking system that the EuropeanUnion uses is a Central Banking System. With the evolvement of the Euro theeconomics of Europe will be easier to maintain. As of January 1, 1999 thenational central banks and the European Central Bank were formed to helpinstitute the monetary policy using the euro. The macroeconomics theoryaccompanied with the use of economic analysis can illustrate the ideas behindthe EMS. The members of the EU have put a strong emphasis into the monetary andmacroeconomic policies. In order to reduce inflation the tried to have morestable competitive conditions within in t he EMS which resulted in strictexchange rates (Levich Sommariva 5). The European Union has a long wayto go before it achieves 100% success. It is updated basically on a year-to-yearbasis. In order to continue to improve the Union they have established an Agenda2000. This agenda presents the major problems that they will encounter as theyear 2000 is approached. First, they want to strengthen and reform the Communitypolicies to deal with a growing European Union. Second, they need to look at theother countries that have applied to be a part of the Union. Last, a budgetneeds to be established that includes all of their future plans. There are manyadvantages to having a united Europe to the people of Europe. One benefit istrade. There is now a free movement of goods, services, people and, money withinthe countries belonging to the European Union. Having a united Europe, whichwill result in the euro, will benefit information technology, administrativechanges, and the information and tra ining of employees. The benefits of the EUon citizens, businesses, and tourists will be determined by how much attentionis paid by each particular country to maintaining and promoting good relationswith one another. (Sumner Zis 249) American businesses are affect by theunited Europe. For example, in 1980-85 there was an unpredicted increase in thevalue of the dollar. As a result of the dollar appreciation many Americanindustrial firms that competed in the international market were more profitablethan in the past. The European Union also affects the business in the UnitedStates because the cash forward market liquidity tends to ?dry up' inthe middle of the afternoon because that is when the European currency tradersare going home for the day (Levich Sommariva 95). Investors in the ECU aregrowing on a daily basis. Investors tend look at the Union as a risk-returninginvestment according to dollar assets and the foreign alternatives that areavailable. .uf1cc8264a6fb2879948f6f71d93a5fca , .uf1cc8264a6fb2879948f6f71d93a5fca .postImageUrl , .uf1cc8264a6fb2879948f6f71d93a5fca .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf1cc8264a6fb2879948f6f71d93a5fca , .uf1cc8264a6fb2879948f6f71d93a5fca:hover , .uf1cc8264a6fb2879948f6f71d93a5fca:visited , .uf1cc8264a6fb2879948f6f71d93a5fca:active { border:0!important; } .uf1cc8264a6fb2879948f6f71d93a5fca .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf1cc8264a6fb2879948f6f71d93a5fca { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf1cc8264a6fb2879948f6f71d93a5fca:active , .uf1cc8264a6fb2879948f6f71d93a5fca:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf1cc8264a6fb2879948f6f71d93a5fca .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf1cc8264a6fb2879948f6f71d93a5fca .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf1cc8264a6fb2879948f6f71d93a5fca .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf1cc8264a6fb2879948f6f71d93a5fca .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf1cc8264a6fb2879948f6f71d93a5fca:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf1cc8264a6fb2879948f6f71d93a5fca .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf1cc8264a6fb2879948f6f71d93a5fca .uf1cc8264a6fb2879948f6f71d93a5fca-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf1cc8264a6fb2879948f6f71d93a5fca:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Secret Crimes of Compassion Essay BibliographyDeGrauwe, Paul. The Economics of Monetary Integration. Oxford: OxfordUniversity Press, 1994. Giavazzi, Francesco, Stefano Micossi, and Marcus Miller. The European Monetary System. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. Levich, Richard M., and Andrea Sommariva. The ECU Market: Current Developmentsand Future Prospects of the European Currency Unit. Lexington: Lexington Books,1987. Sumner, M.T., and G. Zis. European Monetary Union: Progress and Prospects. New York: St. Martins Press, 1982.

Bedroom at Arles essays

Bedroom at Arles essays When I first looked at this painting, I thought to myself, "It's boring. It's boring to look at. Why paint a picture of an empty bedroom?" However, once I started looking at all the elements, my mind changed. Van Gogh's use of line really gives depth and character to the piece. The first line that caught my eye was the line outlining the bottom of the bed. The strong stroke really gives you a sense of distance between the bottom of the frame and the floor. Had it been a thin line like those to depict the floorboards, it would look like the bed was sitting directly on the floor. His use of brush strokes and the thickness of them vary immensely in the painting to create depth. The strong strokes of the chair in the lower left hand corner really gives you a sense that the chair is in the foreground as opposed to the chair next to the head of the bed. That chair, painted with thinner lines tells you the chair is further back. The use of color originally struck me as bland. The use of reds and oranges overwhelmed me to the point where I was trying to focus on other colors in the painting. I think that is a point of the painting. I think Van Gogh wanted the viewer to look around. I also think that Van Gogh wanted to use these particular colors to create depth. The use of reds and oranges dominate the foreground with the frame of the bed, the bed sheet and the chair in the lower left corner. The use of blue on the walls pulls everything in and creates the depth. Had the wall been green, brown, red or black, there would not be a great depth. In regards to depth, the use of lines in the floorboards creates depth, drawing your eye to and from the back of the room. Color values are strong in this painting. It goes back to what I said about color, but I believe the soft hue of the blue walls against the strong hue of the bed frame and floor provides enough contrast to pull you into the painting. I also like the strong hue of the table. ...

Dingoes Essays

Dingoes Essays Dingoes Paper Dingoes Paper Essay Topic: 8th Grade NAME: _______________________________________ Persuasive Unit Packet In this persuasive essay you will persuade your reader which of the following inventions is most important (is the most valuable to mankind): 1. Electricity – from the light bulb to the computer 2. Writing – the printing press, books, and literacy 3. Immunization – vaccinations against disease 4. Modern Plumbing – the sink, toilet, shower You will be writing a five paragraph essay persuading your reader to think like you. In this packet are the tools that will lead you to write persuasively. This will be due at various times and must be submitted with your final draft. Write in the due dates below as your teacher tells you: * Rough draft to the INTRODUCTORY PARAGRAPH due * Rough draft to the BODY PARAGRAPH 1 2 due * Rough draft to the COUNTER PARAGRAPH due * Rough draft of CONCLUDING PARAGRAPH due * PEER EDITED ROUGH DRAFT due * FINAL, TYPED DRAFT DUE ON Introductory Paragraph Worksheet In the space below write your opinion on which invention you think is the most important. Now, provide six bullets as to why it’s the most important: * * * * * Now combine these thoughts into a rough draft of the thesis: is the invention because (topic)(adjective) (reason #1/body 1) and (reason #2/body 2) Attention Grabber/Active Research An effective persuasive essay includes a hook or attention grabber such as: * Giving some interesting information about your topic * Ask a thought-provoking question * Quote someone knowledgeable about your topic * Share an experience In order to do these, you must research your topic. Chart your research findings below: Fact| Source (website/book)| | | Quote| | Question| | Choosing three of the approaches above, and your research, develop each one into an attention getter: 1. 2. 3. Next, have a peer review these three and have him/her star and initial which one they like best. Introductory Paragraph Rough Draft Now, combine your attention grabber and thesis and write a rough introductory paragraph. (use the example paragraph on the bottom as a model) Introductory Paragraph Example 1: Last year, our neighbors got a dingo. As a puppy, this Australian wild dog was very friendly. By the time it was six months old, though, the dingo was big and mean. After it attacked our dog, Animal control had to take the dingo away. What if our neighbors buy a baby crocodile next? Exotic pets might be interesting, but they can also cause a lot of trouble. People should think carefully before buying unusual pets because they do not always consider how it grows, they get tired of them, and the pets can even carry exotic diseases. (Write Source, â€Å"Avoiding Exotic Pets† p. 225) THERE IS ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF AN INTRODUCTORY PARAGRAPH ON THE NEXT PAGE Introductory Paragraph Example 2: The final bell rings. It’s the last day of school, and summer has finally come! For America’s students summer vacation means two and a half months without school, but recently many people are asking if this two and a half month break might be a factor in America’s declining education. In his latest interviews, President Obama has spoken about his plan to improve education in America. He has discussed the decline in the education system, and voiced concerns about the ability of American students to remain competitive with nations like Japan. While Obama has discussed changes for several areas of education, he has also proposed lengthening the school year. Although extending the school year is not a wildly popular idea, lengthening the school year will help American students become more competitive by helping to raise student achievement and providing low-income students with equal opportunities for success. Body Paragraph Research #1 Look back at your thesis. Write the FIRST reason you listed why your invention is the best and write it here: Now using this as your guide, research on destiny. sandi. net some evidence that proves this claim. Chart your findings below. Fact| Source (website/book)| | | | | | | | | | | | | Body Paragraph #1 Worksheet Write your topic sentence. This should introduce the first reason you listed why your invention is the best (as written in your thesis on worksheet page 2). Example: One problem is that owners often don’t think about what will happen when the animal grows. TS: Now look back at your Body Paragraph Research #1. On that page highlight or circle the two best pieces of evidence that support your claim (listed above). Label them A B with B being your best (strongest) piece of evidence you have. Write these in a complete sentence below: Example: (CD/A) For example, potbellied pigs are cute when they are little, but they can be hard to handle later on. Your CD/A: Now, provide the commentary (CM) for your concrete details (CD). Remember, commentary explains to your reader how the concrete details support your topic sentence (TS) IN YOUR OWN WORDS. Example CM for CD/A: This fact proves that ownership of exotic animals becomes more difficult as the animal matures. Your CM: Your CD/B: Example: (CD/B) According to World Book Online, pigs may turn over furniture or dig up the backyard looking for something to eat. Now, provide the commentary (CM) for your concrete details (CD). Remember, commentary explains to your reader how the concrete details support your topic sentence (TS) IN YOUR OWN WORDS. Example CM for CD/B: This clearly proves that ownership of exotic animals becomes more difficult as the animal matures. Your CM: Lastly, you will end this body paragraph with a concluding sentence which will transition into reason number two that supports your topic (the second reason listed in your thesis). Example: In fact, in some cases owners become so overwhelmed with their esponsibilities that they take the drastic measure to give away their pet. Your CL: Body Paragraph #1 Rough Draft Below, this is an example of a body paragraph: One problem is that owners often don’t think about what will happen when the animal grows (TS). For example, potbellied pigs are cute when they’re little, but they can be hard to handle later on (CD1). This fact shows that exotic animals can grow into a potential dangerous problem. (CM) According to World Book Online, pigs may turn over furniture or dig up the backyard looking for something to eat (CD2). This clearly proves that ownership of exotic animals becomes more difficult as the animal matures (CM). In fact, in some cases owners become so overwhelmed with their responsibilities that they take the drastic measure to give away their pet (CL). Below, this is an example of another first body paragraph: In recent years, American students have begun to fall behind their international peers. For example, President Obama has cited the fact that in the United States, â€Å"8th Grade curriculum is two year behind competing nations. † If the United States hopes to remain a world power, it is crucial that we take steps to raise our education standards. In order to raise our curriculum and hold our students to higher standards a longer school year is necessary. Furthermore, Obama stated that one third of 13-14 year-olds in America are not reading at grade level. These facts clearly show a huge problem within the U. S. educational system. The ability to read at an appropriate level is essential to success and understanding in school and life. Our educational system is faced with the job of preparing this countries youth for the future, and clearly our students are not developing the necessary skills. Finally, the US math score on the PISA (Program for International Student Assessment) test was a 487 which is below the international average of 496. With the advances being made in technology and science it is crucial that American student have a strong understanding of math and science principals. While other countries seem to be excelling in these subjects it is unacceptable for US student to be scoring below the international average. For many years the US has been an international superpower. In order to remain a superpower, The US must take steps to improve education and stop our students from falling behind. ON THE NEXT PAGE YOU WILL WRITE YOUR BODY PARAGRAPH ROUGH DRAFT Now, combine your work from PAGES 6 and 7 and write your first rough body paragraph. (use the example paragraphs on page 7 as a model) Body Paragraph Research #2 Look back at your thesis. Write the SECOND reason you listed why your invention is the best and write it here: Now using this as your guide, research on destiny. sandi. net some evidence that proves this claim. Chart your findings below. Fact| Source (website/book)| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Body Paragraph #2 Worksheet Write your topic sentence. This should introduce the second (and strongest) reason you listed why your invention is the best (as written in your thesis on worksheet page 2). Example: The most serious problem is that owners who grow tired of their exotic pets have trouble finding new homes for them. TS: Now look back at your Body Paragraph Research #2. On that page highlight or circle the two best pieces of evidence that support your claim (listed above). Label them A B with B being your best (strongest) piece of evidence you have. Write one in a complete sentence below: Example: (CD/A) Often, shelters cannot take these pets, so owners turn them loose. CD/A: Now, provide the commentary (CM) for your concrete detail (CD). Remember, commentary explains to your reader how the concrete details support your topic sentence (TS) IN YOUR OWN WORDS. Example: This example shows how overwhelming owning an exotic pet can be. CM: CD/B: (CD/B) According to the San Diego Tribune, when a woman in Florida reached into her flower garden, a tropical snake that had been turned loose by a neighbor attacked her. Now, provide the commentary (CM) for your concrete detail (CD). Remember, commentary explains to your reader how the concrete details support your topic sentence (TS) IN YOUR OWN WORDS. No example given. See first body paragraph. CM: Lastly, you will end this body paragraph with a concluding sentence which will end the supporting body paragraphs of your paper. Example: In conclusion, exotic animals, while fascinating, do not make the best household pets. CL: Now, combine your work from PAGES 9 and 10 to write your first rough body paragraph. (use the example from body paragraph as a model) Counter Argument Paragraph First, you will acknowledge that other arguments can be made in the defense of alternate inventions. (Immunization, Writing, Modern Plumbing, Electricity) Come up with three arguments used by ONE of the other three inventions discussed: 1. 2. 3. You may use a beginning similar to the examples below as your topic sentence: (choose only one of the sentences starters below): Some people will say Some believe An alternate way of thinking Choose the two weakest arguments from above about why this invention is important: 1. 2. Now, write a rebuttal: using research and your own thinking respond to one of the counter arguments above: __________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Now, using a conclusion sentence, refocus your counter-argument paragraph back to your opinion (topic): SEE NEXT PAGE FOR EXAMPLES OF COUNTER ARGUMENT PARAGRAPHS Counter-Argument Paragraph Rough Draft Below, this is an example of a counter-argument paragraph: (1) Some people would say that owning an exotic pet is a wonde rful experience. (2) They might say that exotic pets make the owner stand out in a crowd. (3) They also might say that owning an exotic pet is a unique and rewarding experience. 4) While an exotic pet may be rewarding, a domesticated animal will provide that same if not safer reward. According to ABC News Investigations reports of exotic pets attacking their owners have increased dramatically over the recent years. (5) It is clear to see that these unique animals also come with unique challenges especially when they mature. Below, this is another example of a counter-argument paragraph: While President Obama’s proposal has many supporters, not everyone agrees that the school year should be extended. Opponents of this proposal claim that extending the school year is simply too expensive. While budget must be considered, education is the foundation for our countries future. If we are going to invest money in anything it should be education. In a recent interview with Matt Lauer President Obama discusses the cost associated with extending the school year, saying, â€Å"that would be money well spent†. Another point often discusses by the opposition is, that shortening the school year will take away important family and social development time. Unfortunately, many students in our country do not have the ability to participate in summer learning activities. Summer camps and learning programs are a luxury often enjoyed by middle and upper class families. Without these programs many students experience summer learning loss wherein they can lose up to two months of math and reading skills. In summary, although there are arguments against extending the school year, it is important to consider what is best for our children. If we want to give all Americans the opportunity to compete in a global job market, it is important to invest in our students now and extend the school year. ON THE NEXT PAGE YOU WILL WRITE YOUR COUNTER ARGUMENT PARAGRAPH ROUGH DRAFT Now, combine your work from PAGES 11 AND 12 to write a rough counter-argument paragraph. (use the example paragraph above as a model) _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ On Next Page You Will Write Your Concluding Paragraph Write Your Conclusion Paragraph Below: Restate your thesis: Now, write your strongest piece of evidence/support/CD from your first body paragraph: _______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ Now, write your strongest piece of evidence/support/CD from your second body paragraph: On the lines below write the sentences above as your CONCLUDING PARAGRAPH ROUGH DRAFT: _______________________________________________________________________________________ On the next and last page is an examp le of a conclusion paragraph. In conclusion, in order to keep our students from falling behind, and provide equal learning opportunities for low-income students, the United States needs to lengthen the school year. The facts clearly show that today’s students are falling behind. It is unacceptable to allow our students to be falling behind in reading and math. It is unacceptable to allow two months of summer learning loss to occur. Something must be done. Education is the key to our countries future. As a country we need to show our students that we value and support their education. The best way to do this is by making the hard decisions, lengthening the school year, and doing what it takes to make our student competitive in a world market. THIS IS THE LAST PAGE. THERE ARE NO MORE PAGES.

Ethics in Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ethics in Finance - Essay Example This paper will evaluate the various ethics theories and analyze how they can be used to solve the ethical dilemma. Utilitarianism Utilitarianism ethics theory holds that the right action is the one giving the ultimate form of satisfaction for every one that is affected (Snoyenbos & James 17). It is notable that utilitarianism is a consequentialist moral theory that seeks to evaluate the outcomes of an action rather than the action itself (Van Staverin 21). According to this theory, the rightness or wrongness of an action is dependent on the general effect that the action has on the people it affects. Suffice to say, utilitarianism holds that an action cannot be judged in isolation to be good or bad. In this regard, an action is right if it produces more intrinsic good than any other action that would have been taken. For instance, utilitarianism could hold that cheating is right if it resulted in the saving of lives of people in danger. Actions are right when they maximize happiness and good for all the affected persons. One of the basic objections of the utilitarianism ethics theory is that the judgment of an act is based on its future outcomes (Singer 41). It is not possible for a person to know the precise consequences of his or her actions in the future. Thus, the utilitarianism ethics theory cannot be applied to justify the morality of present actions since the outcomes have to be evaluated first. However, the counter-argument to this objection is that a person can use the subordinate rules to choose the course of action in a particular situation. If in the particular circumstances greater good would result by discarding the subordinate rules, the utilitarianism ethics theory can be applied to justify an alternative action (Van Staverin 23). In the case study, the manager has to make a decision that would result in greater intrinsic good for all the people affected. Linda has had a good financial history with the bank for the past twenty years. In her twe nties, she was financially prudent and made significant savings. In the recent past, she has been in a financial turmoil culminating in frequent overdrafts and exceeding her credit card limits due to depression. Despite this, she has never defaulted on her repayments although her sister Sophie has had to bail her out twice in the recent past. Linda points out that she took care of their mother, Catherine, when Sophie was setting up her businesses. Catherine has been a faithful customer of the bank for the past fifty years. In fact, her account with the bank has been prudently managed over the years and she managed to save some money for her funeral. Her financial position has changed only in the recent past since she has to cover the costs of accommodating her daughter Linda. Sophie has successfully established herself as a business lady with a growing empire of companies. She has bailed out Linda and Catherine twice but she insists that they have to take charge of their financial i ndependence. She proposes that the bank should cut of off their credit card facility as well as overdrafts. According to utilitarianism ethics theory, it would be appropriate for the manager to keep the credit facilities for both Catherine and Linda. The credit facilities would help Linda to obtain money to fulfill her personal and family needs considering the fact that she was no longer working. Also, the credit facility would help Catherine to pay rent and buy food for herself and Linda’

Modern Tech Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Modern Tech - Essay Example The unchallenged power of plethora of books, journals and other sources of primary information are not in question here, rather the question lies in whether internet and the new media superstructure has overtaken the conventional modes of information as in case of print, radio and television with relation to speed of distribution and the scope of universal followership with one click. The need for better information served faster to the multitudes craving for better and more efficient modes of information distribution has been the propelling factor in the unchallenged reign of internet as a vital source of information, or mis-information as the case may be. The contentious issue facing the public at large is the possibility of internet replacing books, journals, even libraries in becoming the primary source of information. The net has also overtaken the traditional trusted source for news ie; TV. This was evident in the 9/11 attacks on World trade centre wherein there was a surge of ‘flash crowd’ on the net trying to get the information and details as they had no access to TV at their workplace.

Enrichment Issues in Animals: Andean Bear and Asian Elephant

Enrichment Issues in Animals: Andean Bear and Asian Elephant In this write-up the environmental enrichment issues of two species housed at the Belfast Zoological Gardens will be discussed. Environmental enrichment can be defined as the development of stimulating settings for animals within a zoo as a means for them to demonstrate species-typical behaviour such as exercising control or choice (Shepherdson, 1998). The two species in this piece being investigated are that of the Andean (spectacled) bear and the Asian elephant. Information on Environmental enrichment Environmental Enrichment has often been described as a vital role to the daily care and integration of a species. The process of enrichment techniques can divide into two broad categories; inanimate enrichment and animate enrichment. Inanimate enrichment includes subdivisions such as novel objects, exhibit design, visual, auditory and olfaction stimulation. Animate enrichment includes training, research and interactions with humans and other animals. The two broad categories of environmental enrichment are essential as a means to enhance naturalistic actions from a species kept in captivity, for example, exhibit design needs to provide varying substrates and complexities rather than just being aesthetically pleasing. Nevertheless, it has been discussed that animal captivity has a negative effect on a species independent behavioural traits (Reference) and that environmental enrichment settings do not encourage the same behaviours as those found in the wild. Zoo habitats are more static in general compared to the wild as food, shelter, safety and medical care are all provided. Most problems which occur in captivity can be caused by a lack of stimulation and even the best kept zoos can have animals who suffer with psychological discontent (Jordan, 2005). Carlstead and Shepherdson, (1994) have suggested that prolonged exposure to an environment which has low levels of stimulation can cause an animal to become aggressive, lethargic and be slower to habituate in its new surroundings. Jordan (2005) has suggested that many animals can suffer from stress in captivity which can be shown in their behavioural responses such as pacing, regurgitation, excessive grooming and rocking. These types of behaviours are repetitive patterns and are referred to as stereotypic behaviours. Scientists have suggested that these repetitive behaviours may in some cases be an animals’ way of providing novelty to an environment lacking in stimulation. Asian Elephant -798 words Belfast Zoological Gardens currently houses ‘BLAH’ Asian elephants, who have an important role in the zoos conservation projects. The Asian elephant is a species located in Southeast Asian countries such as Sir Lanka, Thailand and Vietnam (References). It is smaller than its African cousin and considered an endangered species. In the Belfast Zoological Gardens, the staff members try to ensure the Asian elephants have a stimulating environment by adding novel items such as tyres and puzzle devices into the elephant’s enclosure. By the Belfast zoo having novel objects such as the tires, it encourages the Asian elephants to demonstrate species typical behaviours as the elephants have choice and control with objects thus providing active stimulation. Additionally Belfast zoo incorporates other enrichment amenities such as having mud and rubbing posts in varying sizes. However, it has been noted that enrichment amenities should be rotated such as logs, balls and tires as a means to sustain stimulation for the elephants . Asian elephants typically spend up to 16 hours per day foraging for food in the wild, eating herbs, leaves, bark, roots, fruits and flowers (Stoinski, et al. 2000). Elephants food diets in captivity tends to offer less variety than in the wild and by a zoo adding new food elements to their diet it can be considered a method of enrichment. At Belfast Zoological Gardens, keepers place food in trees, in food containing devices and in blocks of ice as a means to add stimulation for their Asian elephants. It has been suggested that more complex enrichment methods such as the food containing devices, can involve teamwork which allows the animals to demonstrate more species-typical behaviours. Desmond and Laule (1998) and Mellen and Sevenich (1999) have noted that when animals have been given a choice of their food, they would prefer to work for it rather than be presented with it. Therefore, training enrichment provides one of the most complex learning devices for species. Additionally, Be lfast Zoo spatially provides food which can be found in irregular locations. Research has suggested that the Asian elephant strongly relies on its sense of smell in contexts such as foraging for food (Santiapillai and Read, 2010) or in social communication (Langbauer, 2000; Rasmussen Krishnamurthy, 2000; Scott Rasmussen, 2005). Rasmussen (1999) and Langbauer, (2000) noted that the Asian elephant’s long-term stability is dependent on the effectiveness of its intraspecific communicational skills within its herd. The Belfast Zoological Gardens tries to ensure the species at their zoo such as the Asian elephant are in group sizes which they would be used to in the wild as a means to facilitate species-typical behaviours and communicational vocalisation. Visually the Belfast Zoo also places animals such as zebras and giraffes next to the elephant enclosure as they are often found near each other in the wild. It has been suggested that the visual stimuli of species can increase stimulation for the Asian elephant and have a calming effect on its behaviour . The shape and the size of an animal’s enclosure are equally important for creating a stimulating environment for a species. It has been suggested that an open area should have defined spaces such as pools and rock features as a means to create a sense of the enclosure being larger and aiding in stimulation for the Asian Elephant. The Belfast Zoo also tries to encourage species typical behaviour in their Asian elephants by providing exhibit designs which would be encountered in the wild, for example having trees, slopes, water found in a shallow pool and sandy terrains. It has been noted that bathing pools are common enrichment amenities found in zoos, as they provide the elephants a low-impact exercise as well as the species finding the water enjoyable. Blah (2009) suggested that captive elephants suffer at times life threating foot problems which could be the result of spending more time on hard surfaces than the variety of choices available to them in the wild. The Belfast Zoological Gardens provides its Asian elephants many levels of enrichment, including human related contact by keepers and through medical care. It has been suggested however, that a rotational exhibit design could be used as a means to increase stimulation, such as the one found at ‘Denver Zoo which has five distinct areas. The rotational design means that the species can awaken to a new enclosure adding to environmental enrichment. Additionally, the new enclosure will have housed a different species the day before thus the overlapping scents can also provide a level of enrichment especially for the Asian elephants which rely heavily on their senses. Andean (spectacled) bear Introductory of animal habits – sex, survival instincts, housing, learning, other animal interaction, habitats – this needs to be backed up with relevant research The difference between those found out in the wild and those found in captivity Is the exhibit design complex, provides various substrates and levels Training which occurs to build trust between the animal and keeper Olfactory: a keeper can introduce natural predator or prey scents, in addition to novel smells or pheromone scents. Auditory: taped sounds or vocalizations can simulate things that an animal may hear in the wild. Food related: this is the most widely used form of enrichment. Keepers can present food in a variety of ways such as in a simple puzzle feeder, hidden throughout the enclosure, scattered about the enclosure, or buried in a substrate. To get the food, the animal must use natural foraging behaviors and/or mentally solve the puzzle. Novel objects: various items placed in an animal’s enclosure allow the animal to mimic behaviors exhibited in the wild or could challenge them. These items could include burlap bags, sheets, boomer balls, chew toys, or a hammock. Research: Participation in a research projects offers mental stimulation. (i.e., foraging skills research with giant pandas, cognitive research with orang-utans) Differences found between the environments of the two species – which one provided better species-typical enrichment Environmental Enrichment has often been described as a vital role to the daily care and integration of a species. The process of enrichment is dependent on the integration of subcategories, such as how the exhibit is designed, the auditory noises, the scents introduced, food relevance, novel objects, training and research of the animal. The subcategories of environmental enrichment are essential as a means to enhance naturalistic actions, for example, exhibit design needs to provide varying substrates and complexities found in the animal’s natural environment as a means to enhance the species-typical behaviour. Improvements which may need to occur for the animal to have a more productive lifespan Environmental Enrichment has often been described as a vital role to the daily care and integration of a species. The process of enrichment is dependent on the integration of subcategories, such as how the exhibit is designed, the auditory noises, the scents introduced, food relevance, novel objects, training and research of the animal. The subcategories of environmental enrichment are essential as a means to enhance naturalistic actions, for example, exhibit design needs to provide varying substrates and complexities found in the animal’s natural environment as a means to enhance the species-typical behaviour. Improvements which may need to occur for the animal to have a more productive lifespan Environmental Enrichment has often been described as a vital role to the daily care and integration of a species. The process of enrichment is dependent on the integration of subcategories, such as how the exhibit is designed, the auditory noises, the scents introduced, food relevance, novel objects, training and research of the animal. The subcategories of environmental enrichment are essential as a means to enhance naturalistic actions, for example, exhibit design needs to provide varying substrates and complexities found in the animal’s natural environment as a means to enhance the species-typical behaviour. provide varying substrates and complexities found in the animal’s natural environment as a means to enhance the species-typical behaviour. CONCLUSION – NOT WRITEN AS OF YET In conclusion the animals found in the Belfast zoological gardens did demonstrate some species typical behaviours due to the environmental enrichment techniques in place. Environmental Enrichment has often been described as a vital role to the daily care and integration of a species. The process of enrichment is dependent on the integration of subcategories, such as how the exhibit is designed, the auditory noises, the scents introduced, food relevance, novel objects, training and research of the animal. The subcategories of environmental enrichment are essential as a means to enhance naturalistic actions, for example, exhibit design needs to provide varying substrates and complexities found in the animal’s natural environment as a means to enhance the species-typical behaviour (Reference) operant conditioning as a means for animals to engage in. design needs to provide varying substrates and complexities found in the animal’s n atural environment as a means to enhance the species-typical behaviour. provide varying substrates and complexities found in the animal’s natural environment as a means to enhance the species-typical behaviour.

Mildred D. Taylor Essay

The successful and renowned author Mildred D. Taylor was born in Mississippi, Jackson and has used her excellent writing style to create the thrilling and compelling novel â€Å"Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry† to put across her knowledge and experience of the complexities of the south when there was legalised segregation of Blacks and Whites. The interesting and diverse characters in this story were skilfully created by Taylor to put across the varied and often devastating injustices that regularly occurred in the south during The Great Depression of the 1930s. For the purposes of this essay I will be discussing the experiences and reactions of two very different characters, Uncle Hammer and Mr. Morrison. The reason for my choice is that I feel they are characters that in some way stand out when looking at their experiences and actions in regards to the question. They are two very diverse characters particularly physically Mr Morrison was a â€Å"human tree in height, the long trunk of his massive body, his skin the deepest of ebony† relating to where he came from which was two â€Å"strong like bulls† parents which suggested that he had a family heritage of stud farms. Uncles hammer â€Å"dark, red-brown skin, a square jawed face†. These two men are used in this novel to represent an understanding of the south through experience of violence. Uncle hammer fought in the civil war along with his brother who had died. Mr Morrison had regularly been confronted by violence through family and the loss of his job. They use this violence to battle racism that is put towards them and confront it when needed in their environment but in different ways and Uncle Hammer will do anything to stop racism as he does not like it for the fact his brother was killed by whites. When Mr Morrison is confronted there is no stopping this machine that was brought from knowledge of the creations in stud farms â€Å"They was both of them from breeded stock and they was strong like bulls† but he only acts in self-defence. In contrast uncle hammer is the owner of land whilst Mr Morrison is a poor sharecropper. They are two very diverse characters although they have similar qualities. Mr Morrison the poor sharecropper has only friends he can rely on because of his story in the railroad business. He shows how grateful he is and this lands him a job in the Logan family business. Uncle hammer gets land from the Logans because he can protect their business from going down the drain. Mr Morrison a calm man had a tragic event; he experienced the killing of his own father and mother during the civil war when they had come after them that are the white people. Mr Morrison had also another experience of segregation when he got fired from the railroad business for beating up the white people. He was fired got fired because he was black and therefore was not good enough while the whites had stayed on to their job. This showed an example of how the south was at this time. On the other hand, Uncle Hammer experienced the same occurrence as Mr Morrison but his family was his two brothers that sacrificed themselves to make life better for blacks. During the civil war Uncle Hammer and his two brothers fought for how they believed the world should be. Uncle Hammer came out with a broken leg â€Å"limping slightly on his left leg† His brothers failed to return and he has come back to avenge his brothers and also to get justice. In conclusion, to this compelling book Mildred D Taylor used these two characters due to the fact that they were the tellers of what the south was like during the period of legalised segregation. They used their understanding to explain the difficulties as well as what would happen to Blacks if they were to disobey Whites.